autotools: add various compiler warning flags and enable -Werror for CI
The first commit integrates AX_COMPILER_FLAGS() and passes the warning flags to all code which we have control over and enables -Werror on CI. It also disables all warnings which trigger with AX_APPEND_COMPILE_FLAGS() to make the build on CI pass.
The followup commits enable the disabled warnings one by one and fix them.
Edited by Christoph Reiter